绍兴文理学院二OO二学年第一学期
生物科学专业___99__级《细胞生物学》期末考试题（B）
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一、选择填空（每小题2分，共60分，请做在答题卡上）
1．Cell Biology is a discipline by which
A. We attempt to gain an understanding of the structure and function of cells.
B. We study the life circle of cells.
C. We attempt to reveal the mystery of the life at cell level.
D. All of the above.
2．Which of the following statements about cell theory is true?
A. Cell is the basic units of an organism.
B. In multi-cell organism ever cell have specific function.
C. New cell is produced from pre-existing cell.
D. All of the above.
3．The resolution of a microscope is a measure of what property?
A. The wavelength of light used to illuminate the specimen.
B. The minimum distance that two points can be distinguished.
C. The ability to distinguish small differences in refractive index of the sample.
D. How much larger an object appears compared to its actual size.
4．Ribozyme are
A. Ribosomal proteins.
B. Catalytic RNA.
C. Enzyme for the synthesis of ribosome.
D. Carbohydrate polymers.
5．Generally each phospholipid molecule has two lipid tails except
A. Phosphotidylcholine, PC.
B. Phosphotidylserine, PS
C. Phosphotidylinostole, PI
D. Diphosphotidylglycerol, DPG
6．The meshwork of polysaccharides surrounding the outside of an animal cell is called the .
A. cell wall.
B. cell membrane.
C. glycocaylx.
D. cell envelope.
7．Human red blood cells are the ideal materials to study the cell membrane structures because
A. Red blood cells can be easily identified by their color.
B. Red blood cells are available in large number.
C. Red blood cells have no nucleus and organelles.
D. Both B and C.
8．The active movement of 2 types of molecules in the reverse direction across a membrane is an example of
A. symport.
B. antiport.
C. uniport.
D. Facilitated diffusion.
9．The resting potential is maintained by
A. Cation gradients established by the Na+/K+ ATPase and the K+ leak channel.
B. Cation gradients established by the Na+/K+ ATPase and the Na+ leak channel.
C. Anion gradients established by the Na+/K+ ATPase and the K+ leak channel.
D. Active transport of glucose.
10．Lysosome function to
A. Recycle cellular material and digest material taken in from the extracellular environment.
B. Synthesize various celluar macromolecules.
C. Ingest nutrition.
D. Carry out digestion of all cytoplasmic components.
11．Proteins destined to mitochondrion are transported by the way of
A. Gated transport.
B. Transmembrane tansport.
C. Vesicular transport.
D. Default pathway.
12．Which of the following is not a coat protein?
A. COP I.
B. COP II.
C. Clathrin.
D. CAM.
13．In an attempt to isolate chloroplasts, you treat an extract of plant leaves with a series of centrifugation runs. After each run, you test the subcellular fractions for the presence of chlorophyll, and centrifuge the material floating on the surface at a higher speed. What method are you using?
A. Homogenization.
B. Differential centrifugation.
C. Density gradient centrifugation.
D. Equilibrium density centrifugation.
14．The oxygen (O2) produced by plants comes from
A. Chlorophyll.
B. CO2.
C. H2O2.
D. H2O.
15．The inner folded membranes of chloroplasts are called
A. Cristae.
B. Thylakoids.
C. Golgi body.
D. Endoplasmic reticulum.
16．Noncyclic photophosphorylation in chloroplasts functions to:
A. Synthesize ATP.
B. Deliver electrons to NAD+ to make NADH.
C. Deliver electrons to NADP+ to make NADPH.
D. Syntesize ATP and deliver electrons to NADP+ to make NADPH.
17．Enzyme linked receptors are
A. Single-pass transmembrane proteins.
B. Seven-pass transmembrane proteins.
C. Not a transmembrane protein.
D. Lipoprotein.
18．In RPTK-ras signal pathway, ras
A. Is a monomeric G protein.
B. Is activated by RPTK.
C. Trigger a kinase cascade and finally activate MAPK.
D. All of the above.
19．Kinesins are motor proteins that move from along
A. –end to +end; microtubules.
B. +end to –end; microtubules.
C. –end to +end; microfilaments.
D. +end to –end; microfilaments.
20．The muscle contraction requires the action of which molecular motor?
A. Kinesin;
B. Myosin;
C. Dynein;
D. Tubulin;
21．Which of the following does NOT describe intermediate filaments?
A. Are always homodimers.
B. Can attach at desmosomes or hemidesmosomes.
C. Contain coiled-coils.
D. Phosphorylation can regulate disassembly.
22．The extracellular matrix that contain Gly-X-Y repeat amino acid sequences are the
A. Collagens.
B. Elastins.
C. proteoglycans.
D. Fibronectin.
23．The adhesion molecules in desmosomes and adhesion belts are
A. Cahesin.
B. Selectin.
C. Intergerin.
D. Both A and C
24．Histones can be characterized as
A. Small basic proteins.
B. Large acidic proteins.
C. Highly variable from cell to cell.
D. Functional only during DNA replication.
25．What is the function of the nucleolus?
A. It is pore for nuclear entry of large proteins.
B. It is a site of attachment for chromosomes on the nuclear matrix.
C. It is a site where unexpressed DNA is concentrated.
D. It is a nuclear domain involved in ribosome assembly.
26．Polytene chromosomes
A. Are the chromosome during meiotic prophase I.
B. Consist of thousands of copies of each chromosome aligned with one another.
C. Are found in salivary gland cells of the drosophila (fruit fly).
D. Both B and C.
27．What is the main function of p53 protein?
A. It initiate a signal transduction cascade that leads to changes in the cell’s behavior.
B. It regulate the cell division by binding and activating CDK enzymes.
C. It are the main protein components of the kinetochore.
D. It induce the expression of p21 and block cell cycle progression when DNA is damaged.
28．At anaphase A
A. Microtubules shorten at kinetochore.
B. Motor proteins pull chromosome to pole.
C. Two poles begin to separate from each others.
D. Both A and B.
29．Cellular proto-oncogenes (c-onco)
A. Are involved in the regulation of normal cellular growth and differentiation.
B. Are negative regulators of cell proliferation because they are inactive in normal cells.
C. Are derived from the oncogenes of tumor viruses.
D. Are expressed in tumor cells but not in normal cells.
30．Totipotent means that the cell can differentiate into any type of cell in the body. Which of the following cells are not totipotent cells?
A. Fertilized egg cells.
B. Plant leaf cells.
C. Epithelium stem cells.
D. Embryonic cells at 8-cell stage.
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二、简答题：（20分）
31．如何提高光学显微镜的分辨力(Resolution)?（5分）
关键词：镜口率 波长 折射率
32．让M期的细胞与间期的细胞融合，诱导间期细胞产生PCC，请描述各时期PCC的形态及形成原因。（5分）
关键词：MPF（maturation promoting factor）G1 (gap 1) S(synthesis) G2(gap 2) 细线状 双线状 粉末状
33．从基因水平说明癌症的形成原因。（10分）
关键词：原癌基因 抑癌基因 调控区 病毒
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三、论述题：（20分）
34．论述贯穿哺乳类细胞的纤维网络结构及其在生命活动中的作用。（10分）
关键词：细胞骨架 膜骨架 核骨架 核纤层 细胞外基质 细胞连接 细胞功能
35．论述细胞核的结构、功能及其与细胞质的关系。（10分）
关键词：核被膜 核仁 核基质 染色质 核纤层 遗传 发育 核质关系 调节蛋白 核外遗传